Records by time | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cheiracanthiidae | 0-1900 | 1901-1950 | 1951-2000 | 2001+ | ∑ |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 Almost threatened | 17× | 24× | 41× | ||
Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 Endangered | 1× | 3× | 5× | 9× | |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 Strongly endangered | 4× | 3× | 7× | ||
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) Not endangered | 1× | 4× | 103× | 52× | 160× |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 Not endangered | 28× | 28× | |||
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 Strongly endangered | 11× | 11× | |||
Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 Endangered | 1× | 2× | 3× | 3× | 9× |
Cheiracanthium pennyi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 Strongly endangered | 1× | 1× | 2× | ||
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) Not endangered | 1× | 3× | 41× | 45× | |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) Almost threatened | 2× | 23× | 8× | 33× |
Cílem bakalářské práce bylo zmapovat výskyt zápřednice jedovaté (Cheiracanthium punctorium) a její stanovištní nároky v okolí města Ústí nad Labem.
S využitím ortofotomap byly vytipovány lokality na základě odlišně zbarvené ruderalizované vegetace. Mapování probíhalo od 2. září do 20. září 2021.
V rámci jednotlivých lokalit byly vyhledávány kokony s živými jedinci zápřednice jedovaté. K daným lokalitám a nalezeným kokonům byly zaznamenány následující charakteristiky prostředí: nadmořská výška lokality, svažitost a orientace terénu, druh rostliny s kokonem, celková výška okolní vegetace a procento pokrytí třtinou křovištní (Calamagrostis epigejos).
Celkem bylo nalezeno 136 jedinců na 12 z 26 vytipovaných lokalit. Hustota jedinců zápřednice jedovaté na jednotlivých lokalitách se pohybovala od 0,00015 do 0,02231 ex./m2. Statisticky významným faktorem obsazených a neobsazených lokalit byly sklon terénu a výška porostu. Hustota zápřednice jedovaté pozitivně korelovala s pokryvností třtinou křovištní a negativně s rozlohou a svažitostí lokality.
Dotazníkového šetření zaměřeného na zjištění povědomí o zápřednici jedovaté se zúčastnilo 110 respondentů. Z uvedeného dotazníku vyplývá, že o existenci z. jedovaté má povědomí nadpoloviční většina respondentů. Informace získávají respondenti především z internetu. Podrobnější znalosti o ekologii zápřednice jedovaté však respondenti postrádají.
Overwintering of spiders in empty snail shells is a little studied topic and in Slovakia similar research has not been carried out yet. Collecting shells was carried out in the eastern part of Slovakia, in winter at the turn of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. The study was conducted both at the steppe like and post-industrial habitats. A total of 1085 shells were collected with a spider occupation rate 10.69 %. All acquired 116 spiders were classified in ten families. The most abundant spider family was the Salticidae, with a dominant species Pellenes tripunctatus (Walckenaer, 1802). Significant records include Cheiracanthium montanum (L. Koch, 1877) which is considered as vulnerable and Sitticus penicillatus (Simon, 1875) with a lower risk threat according to Red List of Slovakian spiders.
Neurčeno | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 9 | 11 | 3 | 11 |
Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 5 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 5 | 24 | 1 | 49 |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 3 | 10 | 30 | 9 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 |
Cheiracanthium pennyi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 4 | 13 | 0 | 15 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 1 | 13 | 0 | 15 |
Individuální sběr | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 19 | 74 | 24 | 47 |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 11 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 4 |
Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium pennyi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 6 | 13 | 0 | 13 |
Smyk | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 16 | 29 | 8 | 45 |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 1 | 4 | 0 | 3 |
Zemní past | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 6 | 13 | 0 | 16 |
Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 11 | 15 | 2 | 14 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 11 | 24 | 0 | 15 |
Pozorování | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 2 | 0 | 11 | 5 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 9 | 0 | 6 |
Žlutá miska | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Sklepávání | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Prosev | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Fotografie | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 5 | 11 | 0 | 3 |
Nárazová past | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Neurčeno | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 9 | 11 | 0 | 18 |
Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 6 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 10 | 51 | 12 | 77 |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 6 | 11 | 30 | 10 |
Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 5 | 18 | 0 | 18 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 2 | 19 | 0 | 22 |
Xerotermní travinobylinná společenstva | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 5 | 9 | 3 | 5 |
Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium pennyi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 7 | 15 | 0 | 3 |
Rašeliniště | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 8 | 7 | 0 | 12 |
Mokré louky | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 2 | 6 | 2 | 9 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Suché louky | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 2 | 7 | 0 | 4 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Skalní stepi na vápenci | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 3 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Louky | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 6 | 12 | 4 | 6 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 6 | 0 | 3 |
Těžebny písku a jiných nezpevněných hornin | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 4 | 5 | 0 | 3 |
Ruderály | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 |
Cheiracanthium pennyi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Louky a pastviny | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 4 | 10 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Vnější stěny budov | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
Interiéry budov | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Mezofilní louky | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 8 | 2 | 3 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Lesostepní doubravy | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Paseky | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 2 | 4 | 1 | 5 |
Písčiny | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Vřesoviště nižších poloh | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Rákosiny a orobincové porosty stojatých vod | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 3 | 7 | 0 | 3 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Porosty borůvek | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Ostřicové porosty stojatých vod | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 2 | 5 | 0 | 3 |
Suché křoviny | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
Kamenolomy | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
Okraje silnic | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Slaniska | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Pastviny | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Močály | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
Reliktní bory na skalách | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Vlhké lesní lemy | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Zahradnicky utvářené zahrady a parky | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 2 |
Přirozené lesy | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Suché doubravy | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Bylinné porosty břehů | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Ovocné sady a vinohrady | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Horské bučiny | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Mokřadní olšiny | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 1 | 6 | 3 | 1 |
Břehy tekoucích vod | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Výsadby jehličnanů | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
Suché lesní lemy | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Výsadby listnáčů | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 6 | 8 | 0 | 1 |
Stojaté a pomalu tekoucí vody | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Suťové a roklinové lesy | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Úhory | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Mokřadní vrbiny | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Zahrady | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Nízké xerofilní křoviny | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Vinice | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Travnaté stepi | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Luční ostřicové mokřady | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Lužní lesy nížin | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Haldy a výsypky | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Lesy | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |