Records by time  
Dictynidae 0-19001901-19501951-20002001+
Dictyna arundinacea Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) Not endangered 243× 77× 333×
Dictyna major Dictyna major Menge, 1869 Missing
Dictyna pusilla Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 Not endangered 123× 23× 150×
Dictyna szaboi Dictyna szaboi Chyzer, 1891 Criticaly endangered
Dictyna uncinata Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 Not endangered 221× 64× 292×

Bibliography

 © Oto Zimmermann

This work summarises data on the spider fauna (Araneae) of the Šumava Mts. (Bohemian Forest, Böhmerwald) National Park and Protected Landscape Area (southwest Bohemia), in the period 1858–2023. We abstracted data from all available literature and our own research initiated in 1971. In our own research, we focused on all available habitats, both natural ones and those influenced by humans. These included namely peat bogs, mountains forest, mountain meadows, wetlands, riverbanks and buildings. Altogether, we identified a total of 455 spider species, many of which belong among rare and endangered in the Czech Republic. Overview of their ecological preferences and importance for nature conservation are provided. Within the Czech Republic, nine species are found only in Šumava: Carorita limnaea, Centromerus dilutus, Dictyna major, Gnaphosa badia, Gnaphosa microps, Micaria aenea, Pardosa ferruginea, Pardosa hyperborea and Cybaeus tetricus. The last mentioned species is the first record for the Czech Republic.



 © Oto Zimmermann

The spatial distribution of parasitoids is closely linked to the distribution and ecological requirements of their hosts. Several studies have documented changes in the fauna composition of parasitoids in response to elevation, but data on parasitoids associated with spiders are missing. The koinobiont ichneumonid wasp Zatypota anomala is strictly specialised on spiders of the genus Dictyna (Dictynidae) in Europe. We examined the distribution of spiders of the family Dictynidae in forest ecotones in central Europe across a broad elevation gradient (110–1466 m a.s.l.). We checked the spiders for parasitism by Z. anomala. It was most abundant at the mid-elevations (median 712 m a.s.l., range 179–870 m a.s.l.). We identified four dictynid spider species as Z. anomala hosts. These were Dictyna arundinacea, Dictyna uncinata, Nigma flavescens, and Nigma walckenaeri. All four species and the genus Nigma were recorded as hosts for the first time. The parasitoids strongly preferred juvenile instars of their hosts. The body length differed between parasitised Dictyna and Nigma spiders (medians: 1.95 mm and 2.55 mm, respectively). The distribution of Dictyna and Nigma spiders overlapped along the elevation gradient, but parasitism incidence significantly differed between spider genera along the elevation gradient. Nigma was parasitized at lower elevations between 179–254 m a.s.l. and Dictyna at higher elevations between 361–870 m a.s.l. The phenology of Z. anomala is closely tied to the univoltine life strategy of its host spiders. The parasitoid female oviposits in autumn, and its offspring overwinter as larvae on the host, reach adulthood during spring, and pass the summer as an adult.



 © Ondřej Machač
Pavoukovci České republiky; Snovačka Carniella brignolii (Araneae: Theridiidae) nový druh pavouka pro faunu České republiky; Dvě novinky v české opiliofauně v roce 2021; Méně známé druhy pavouků - Dictyna szaboi; Pavouci pod dráty vysokého napětí: "Terra incognita"?; Výskyt sekáče Nemastoma bidentatum (Arachnida: Opiliones: Nemastomatidae) v České republice; Podivuhodná "rodinka" křižáka pruhovaného; Hrabalky (Pompelidae) - specialisté na lov pavouků IX: rod Arachnospila; Rozhovor s Tondou Kůrkou; 118. seminář České arachnologické společnosti; Prof. Dr. Jochen Martens osmdesátiletý; Česká bibliografie; Britská bibliografie; Nové knihy; Pokyny pro autory

Gallery

Statistics

By month


By altitude


By collecting method (776 used records)
NeurčenoMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 62 96 19 114
Dictyna major Menge, 1869 0 3 0 1
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 21 22 5 51
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 76 60 0 66
SmykMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 98 198 44 115
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 18 26 0 26
Dictyna szaboi Chyzer, 1891 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 50 67 9 66
Individuální sběrMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 27 100 1 51
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 16 44 1 39
Dictyna szaboi Chyzer, 1891 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 18 30 0 40
SklepáváníMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 4 24 1 19
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 11 37 0 22
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 45 110 3 72
Zemní pastMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 13 35 0 21
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 1 5 0 7
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 28 29 50 31
ProsevMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 5 10 0 12
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 1 4 0 5
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 11 4 0 9
Nárazová pastMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 3 0 4
EklektorMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 2 0 3
 MalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords

By biotope (778 used records)
NeurčenoMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 84 121 51 136
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 28 52 4 67
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 109 71 13 95
Ovocné sady s luční vegetacíMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 3 4 0 7
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 33 92 3 46
Suché loukyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 27 70 10 16
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 3 3 0 3
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 7 0 4
Lesní okrajeMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 9 0 4
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 3 0 3
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 9 23 0 14
Mokré loukyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 4 20 0 12
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 3 5 0 5
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 3 0 3
MočályMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 6 20 0 11
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 2 11 0 8
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 2 0 1
RašeliništěMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 6 14 0 10
Dictyna major Menge, 1869 0 3 0 1
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 2 6 0 7
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 2 0 0 2
Xerotermní travinobylinná společenstvaMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 13 1 9
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 3 3 0 5
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 3 0 3
PísčinyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 43 1 11
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 2 0 2
Dictyna szaboi Chyzer, 1891 0 2 0 2
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 1 0 1
Lužní lesy nížinMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 2 0 2
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 7 9 0 13
Luční ostřicové mokřadyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 10 0 5
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 7 12 0 7
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 2 1 0 2
ÚhoryMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 17 13 0 9
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 3 0 3
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 0 0 1
LoukyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 4 0 6
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 6 7 0 6
Suché křovinyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 2 0 2
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 14 13 0 10
Bylinné porosty břehůMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 5 0 4
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 4 3 0 7
RuderályMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 5 9 0 7
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 5 10 0 5
Haldy a výsypkyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 3 5 0 4
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 3 1 46 7
Výsadby jehličnanůMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 2 1 3
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 7 3 0 6
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 2
KamenolomyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 4 8 1 6
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 3 3 0 5
Břehy tekoucích vodMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 7 10 0 9
Těžebny písku a jiných nezpevněných horninMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 8 4 0 7
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 2 0 2
Reliktní bory na skaláchMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 10 11 0 5
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 3 3 0 5
Suché doubravyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 9 0 5
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 1 1 0 2
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 2 0 0 3
Vrbové křoviny - vlhké (vrbové) křovinyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 4 7 0 7
Rákosiny a orobincové porosty stojatých vodMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 3 3 0 3
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 5 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 3 0 3
Mokřadní olšinyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 2 4 0 5
Louky a pastvinyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 2 0 2
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 3 0 2
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 3 0 2
PasekyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 8 0 5
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Vlhké lesní lemyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 2 0 3
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 4 0 2
Lesy vyšších poloh a strmých svahůMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 1 1 2 4
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 0 0 1
Lesostepní doubravyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 3 0 3
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 2 0 0 2
Porosty borůvekMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 3 2 0 3
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Zahradnicky utvářené zahrady a parkyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 2 2 0 4
Ostřicové porosty stojatých vodMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 2 0 3
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 2 0 0 2
Mezofilní loukyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 1 0 2
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Stojaté a pomalu tekoucí vodyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 3 0 3
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 1 0 1
Výsadby listnáčůMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 5 18 0 2
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 2 0 2
Interiéry budovMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 2 0 3
PastvinyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 1 0 2
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 3 0 1
Skalní stepi na vápenciMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 3 0 3
SlaniskaMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 0 0 1
Vnější stěny budovMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 2 1 0 3
Suťové a roklinové lesyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 2 0 2
DubohabřinyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 2 0 2
Vřesoviště nižších polohMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 3 1 0 2
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 1 1 0 1
LesyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 1 0 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 2 2 0 2
Acidofilní boryMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Travnaté stepiMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 1 0 2
Lesní cestaMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 1 0 2
Ostatní poleMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Obhospodařované pozemkyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Polní biotopyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Horské smrčinyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 1 0 0 1
Stinné skály nižších polohMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Vlhké doubravyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 0 1 0 1
Písčité břehyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 2 0 1
Okraje silnicMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 1 0 1
Kamenité suti nižších polohMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 1 0 0 1
Přirozené lesyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 1 1 0 1
alpínské trávníkyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 2 0 1
Podmáčené smrčinyMalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords
Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 2 7 0 1
 MalesFemalesJuvenilesRecords