Records by time | |||||
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Gnaphosidae | 0-1900 | 1901-1950 | 1951-2000 | 2001+ | ∑ |
Drassodes lapidosus (Walckenaer, 1802) Not endangered | 1× | 10× | 672× | 259× | 942× |
Czech name | skálovka žlutavá |
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Threat level | Not endangered |
Records | 942 nálezů, 142 kvadrátů |
First record |
1859, F. Prach, Prach 1866 |
Last record | 2023 , Kryštof Rückl |
Distribution area | Palaearctic - Transp. (Af. |
Phytogeographic area |
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Původnost stanovišť |
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Humidity |
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Stratum |
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Osvětlení stanovišť |
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Hojnost výskytu |
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Altitude | 150-1100 |
The invertebrates of the Macocha Abyss, Moravian Karst, Czech Republic, were collected in 2007–2008 and 222 species were identified in total. The relative abundance of individual taxa of land snails, harvestmen, pseudoscorpions, spiders, millipedes, centipedes, terrestrial isopods, beetles, and ants was evaluated. The cold-adapted mountain and subterranean species inhabit the bottom and lower part of the abyss, whereas the sun-exposed rocky margins were inhabited by thermophilous species. Macocha harbors several threatened species that are absent or very rare in the surrounding habitats. In the forest landscape, the Macocha Abyss represents a natural habitat with a distinct microclimatic gradient, and is an excellent refuge area for psychrophilous as well as thermophilous species, which significantly contributes to maintenance of landscape biodiversity.
While the majority of the Central European landscape would be covered by forests without human influence, rocky areas form isolated, islet-like, natural, non-forest habitats. The surface of some of these non-forested areas is composed of bare bedrock or products of its erosional breakdown (without a soil layer) such as gravel, sand banks, sand dunes, scree slopes and rock outcrop habitats. These habitats harbour specialized spider species that depend on their specific substratum and microclimate (Růžička 2000). Out of these habitats, rock walls (and scree slopes) form one of the most distinct ecological gradients of any terrestrial ecosystem (Larson et al. 1989, Růžička et al. 1995). They provide habitats with extremely warm and cold microclimatic conditions in close proximity. They also belong to habitats almost unknown until now due to the technical and practical problems of sampling.
Sandstones can form extensive systems of rocks, sometimes with a broad spectrum of meso- and microhabitats due to their very dynamic relief. Sandstone rocks are characterised by a marked contrast between forested plateau and bare vertical rock walls (Balatka and Sládek 1984). Upper margins of rocks are dry, vertical rock walls can be sun-exposed, dry and bare, or shady and humid and hence covered by mosses. Spaces with an extremely cold climate can occur in deep gorges. The aim of this study is to evaluate available data on the species composition of spider assemblages in sandstone rocks, including new data about spiders on rock walls in the Bohemian Switzerland (České Švýcarsko) National Park.
Drassodes lapidosus (Walckenaer, 1802) ES | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
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Individuální sběr | 156 | 154 | 8 | 128 |
Zemní past | 1176 | 478 | 398 | 576 |
Nárazová past | 9 | 5 | 0 | 7 |
Smyk | 19 | 15 | 0 | 14 |
Neurčeno | 126 | 92 | 3 | 202 |
Žlutá miska | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Prosev | 7 | 6 | 0 | 11 |
Sklepávání | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Eklektor | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
Drassodes lapidosus (Walckenaer, 1802) ES | Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |
---|---|---|---|---|
Interiéry budov | 1 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
Kamenolomy | 23 | 20 | 2 | 26 |
Neurčeno | 544 | 289 | 8 | 381 |
Ruderály | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Haldy a výsypky | 2 | 1 | 303 | 14 |
Písčiny | 4 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Zahradnicky utvářené zahrady a parky | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Těžebny písku a jiných nezpevněných hornin | 4 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
Lužní lesy nížin | 5 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Zahrady | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Nízké xerofilní křoviny | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Vřesoviště nižších poloh | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Travnaté stepi | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Železniční náspy | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Suché křoviny | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Dubohabřiny | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Lesostepní doubravy | 89 | 78 | 3 | 44 |
Suché doubravy | 31 | 29 | 8 | 33 |
Suché lesní lemy | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
Suché louky | 165 | 97 | 3 | 89 |
Stinné skály nižších poloh | 130 | 24 | 2 | 23 |
Kamenité suti nižších poloh | 135 | 37 | 6 | 53 |
Ovocné sady a vinohrady | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Xerotermní travinobylinná společenstva | 36 | 21 | 1 | 17 |
Rašeliniště | 18 | 9 | 0 | 13 |
Bučiny nižších poloh | 5 | 4 | 0 | 9 |
Horské smrčiny | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Skalní stepi na vápenci | 153 | 74 | 56 | 109 |
Porosty borůvek | 20 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
Louky a pastviny | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Mezofilní louky | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Výsadby jehličnanů | 22 | 7 | 1 | 14 |
Pastviny | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
Lesy | 3 | 6 | 0 | 5 |
Těžební jámy | 0 | 0 | 15 | 1 |
Reliktní bory na skalách | 10 | 6 | 0 | 11 |
Acidofilní bory | 21 | 9 | 0 | 14 |
Přirozené lesy | 6 | 2 | 0 | 5 |
Lesní okraje | 16 | 6 | 0 | 15 |
Ostatní pole | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Paseky | 2 | 4 | 0 | 6 |
Suťové a roklinové lesy | 24 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
Rákosiny a orobincové porosty stojatých vod | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Ovocné sady s luční vegetací | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Břehy tekoucích vod | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Louky | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Horská vřesoviště | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Úhory | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Males | Females | Juveniles | Records |